![]() If large pieces of sodium are put into water it can lead to a loud explosion. This released heat often ignites the hydrogen gas and as a result a fire may break out. As heat is produced during this reaction, it is called exothermic reaction. Reaction of sodium with water and even with snow and ice results in the formation of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. As per the periodic table, sodium is more reactive than lithium and less reactive than potassium. Chemical Properties of SodiumĬhemical properties are all those properties that are visible only when any reaction is taking place between sodium and any other chemical substance. With changes in the surrounding physical conditions, the properties of this element change. There are 20 known isotopes of sodium but only one 23Na is found to be stable. Due to this, sodium is a highly reactive chemical element and is found only in the form of compounds. As the atomic number of sodium suggests, it has only one electron in its outermost orbit or its valency is +1. Atomic number of sodium is 11 and its atomic mass is 22.98. Chemically, sodium is represented by the symbol Na. It is the most abundant of all alkali metals. Sodium is a member of the alkali metal group and is placed in the periodic table below lithium and above potassium. Since sodium as a metal does not occur in the free form naturally, it has to be isolated from compounds and this was first done by Sir Humphry Davy in England in 1807. ![]() That the name sodium is derived from the Arabic word ‘ suda ‘ which means headache as sodium carbonate or soda was used to alleviate headaches in ancient times. ![]()
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